NIOS Quartus Prime GCC version

Quartus Prime Lite and Standard version seems to be stopped in 19.1. Only Quartus Pro seems to be released 19.2, 19.1 etc. For you, only the GCC version matters. So, just build and keep the libraries for different version of GCC available till the latest version. Also, the pro edition seems to be supporting only Family 10 FPGAs like Arria 10, Cyclone 10 and Stratix 10.

GCC 12.2.1 (Quartus Prime v23.2 Pro) - Last version. In v24.1, there is no Nios II

GCC 11.3.1 (Quartus Prime v22.3 Pro)

GCC 11.2.1 (Quartus Prime v22.1 Pro, v22.2 Pro)

GCC 10.3.1 (Quartus Prime v21.4 Pro) 

GCC 10.3.1 (Quartus Prime v21.3 Pro/ v21.1 lite/ v21.1 standard)

GCC 10.2.1 (Quartus Prime v21.2 Pro)

GCC 10.2.1 (Quartus Prime v21.1 Pro) - Kosu PC

GCC 10.2.1 (Quartus Prime v20.4 Pro)  - Prashant PC
GCC 10.1.1 (Quartus Prime v20.3 Pro)  - Prashant PC
GCC 10.1.1 (Quartus Prime v20.1.1 lite)  - Tarur

GCC 9.3.1 (Quartus Prime v20.2 Pro)  - Prashant PC
GCC 9.2.1 (Quartus Prime v20.1 Pro)  -    " (able to install multiple versions)
GCC 8.3.1 (Quartus Prime v19.4 Pro)  - Installed in Prashant PC.
GCC 8.3.1 (Quartus Prime v19.3 Pro)  - Use 19.4 pro
GCC 8.3.1 (Quartus Prime v19.2 Pro)  - Use 19.4 pro
GCC 8.3.1 (Quartus Prime v19.1 lite)  - Use 19.4 pro
GCC 7.3.1 (Quartus Prime v19.1 Pro) - Subash computer
GCC 7.3.1 (Quartus Prime v18.1 Pro) - Use 19.1 pro
                       ↑ Pro
GCC 5.3.0 (Quartus Prime v18.1 Lite and Std) - Do not know how to download Std. Lite in my Computer
GCC 5.3.0 (Quartus Prime v17.1)  - (No. 18.1 is used instead)
 GCC 5.2.0 (Quartus Prime v16.0)  - Nav computer
 GCC 4.9.2 (Quartus Prime v15.1)  - Eli computer
 GCC 4.8.3 (Quartus II v14.1)     - Takur computer
 GCC 4.7.3 (Quartus II v13.1)     - Eli computer
 GCC 4.1.2 (Quartus II v10.0 ～ v13.0 SP1) - Eli computer

Reference design

Serial is tested with dev.

Max 10 reference design is taken from server. UART is not checked. May be there is no reference design that supports UART. -DUART is not used.

18.1 and other release notes:
https://www.intel.cn/content/www/cn/zh/programmable/documentation/lro1465407474833.html
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/programmable/documentation/lro1465407474833.html

Installation from Quartus Prime 19.2 Pro....
https://kiazhi.github.io/blog/The-easy-way-to-get-Ubuntu-18.04-distro-environment-on-Windows/
https://superuser.com/questions/1359633/apt-get-install-is-not-working-in-wsl
https://www.intel.com/content/altera-www/global/en_us/index/support/support-resources/knowledge-base/tools/2019/why-does-the-nios--ii-not-installed-after-full-installation-of-t.html

For Arria 10,

 jtagconfig.exe --setparam 1 JtagClock 16M

/devices/10AS066H1(.|ES)|10AS066H2|..@1#USB-1
/devices/5M(1270ZF324|2210Z)|EPM2210@3#USB-1
/devices/5M(1270ZF324|2210Z)|EPM2210@4#USB-1

As mentioned in the PDF of Example Application Ethernet project folder,

nios2-download  -g a10_fpga_sgmii_enet1.elf && nios2-terminal.exe

https://www.intel.com/content/altera-www/global/en_us/index/support/support-resources/knowledge-base/embedded/2019/error--failed-to-execute--wsl---create-this-bsp-no-make.html